Monthly
Annualized % Chg. from Preceding Period
1960 - 2025
Jan 1, 1960 to Dec 1, 2025
FRED
3 weeks ago
RecentMay 4, 2026
The Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes (BBKI) are the byproduct of research originally conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. Currently, the BBKI are maintained and produced by the Indiana Business Research Center at the Kelley School of Business at Indiana University. The BBK Coincident and Leading Indexes and Monthly GDP Growth for the U.S. are constructed from a collapsed dynamic factor analysis of a panel of 490 monthly measures of real economic activity and quarterly real GDP growth. The leading subcomponent of the cycle is expressed in annualized real GDP growth equivalent units. The cycle component is the sum of the leading and lagging subcomponents. For more details, see also: Brave, Scott A., Ross Cole, and David Kelley, 2019, A 'big data' view of the U.S. economy: Introducing the Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes (https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/chicago-fed-letter/2019/422), Chicago Fed Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, No. 422. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.2
As of December 1, 2025 • M data • Source: FRED
This dataset contains 792 monthly observations, over 66 years, 2 months, updated monthly from FRED, It of real economic activity and quarterly real gdp growth. View Methodology
Data Points
792
Coverage
66 years, 2 months
Updates
monthly
This dataset's metadata was updated on 5/7/2026. The current data may be outdated.